o 5月1日，2020年。运动的效果等于较少的脑老化。该研究使用了磁共振成像（MRI）扫描来测量有一系列活动水平的人的大脑，包括那些对那些非常活跃的人无效的人。扫描表现出较少的活跃的人有较小的脑量。“这些结果很令人兴奋，因为他们表明人们可能会阻止大脑萎缩，而且只要变得更加活跃，”哥伦比亚大学的研究作者Yian Gu，Ph.D.的研究作者Yian Gu，Ph.D。美国神经科学院的成员。“最近的研究表明，随着人们的年龄，身体活动可能会降低认知下降和痴呆的风险。我们的研究用脑扫描来衡量一个不同人群的大脑体积，发现那些从事第三级最高水平的身体活动的人的大脑体积相当于脑老化的四年比较年轻人比那些底部第三活动水平。“该研究涉及1,557人，平均年龄为75岁。没有痴呆，但296人的认知障碍，28％的ApoE基因与阿尔茨海默病的风险有关。参与者获得体检，思考和记忆测试，并被询问他们的日常任务和其他体育活动。 Researchers then calculated how much time and energy each person spent on those tasks and activities. Researchers divided people into three groups: those who were inactive; those who were somewhat active meaning each week they either had roughly two-and-a-half hours of low-intensity physical activity, one-and-a-half hours of moderate physical activity or one hour of high-intensity physical activity; and those who were most active meaning each week they either had seven hours of low-intensity physical activity, four hours of moderate physical activity or two hours of high-intensity physical activity. Researchers then reviewed MRI brain scans of all participants and found that when compared to the people in the inactive group, those who were most active had larger total brain volume. After adjusting for age, sex, education, race/ethnicity and APOE gene status, the average brain size for those who were inactive was 871 cubic centimeters compared to 883 cubic centimeters for those who were most active, a difference of 12 cubic centimeters, or 1.4%, or the equivalent of nearly four years of brain aging. The results remained similar even after excluding people who had mild cognitive impairment. “Our results add to the evidence that more physical activity is linked to larger brain volume in older people,” said Gu. “It also builds on evidence that moving your body more often throughout one’s life may protect against loss of brain volume.” A limitation of the study was that information on physical activity relied on a person’s ability to remember how often and for how much time they were active. Additionally, Gu noted that due to the particular study design, this study does not prove that exercise prevents brain shrinkage; it shows an association. The study was supported by the National Institute on Aging and the National Institutes of Health.
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